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^ aperature is the size of the opening for the diaphram of the lens. small aperature = wide opening = shallow focus. large aperature = small opening = infinite focus. shallow focus is when you get those pics where something in the foreground/background is in focus and everything else is out of focus. infinite focus is when everything in the foreground and background is in focus. shutter speed determines how long the shutter is open. on my cam (35mm 70s era) goes from 1 sec to 1/1000th of a sec.
with both, they each let light into the camera. with a small aperature its letting more light in than a large aperature. and a 1/1000th speed is letting less light than a 1 sec shutter speed. so during the day, you can use a fast shutter speed with a small aperature to get focus/out of focus. but if you want to slow the shutter speed you will have to increase the aperature to compensate for more light being let in with the slower shutter speed. with night shots you will have to use a smaller aperature and a slower shutter speed (or even bulb) to compensate for the lack of light entering the camera.
with my cam, the aperature is on the lens itself so i can open and close it and watch the diaphram open and close. to understand these a lil more you kinda have to play with your cam more in the daytime and at night. i may not be 100% correct, but this is what i learned from a photography class i took years back and taking pics with my 35mm.
small aperature
large aperature
with both, they each let light into the camera. with a small aperature its letting more light in than a large aperature. and a 1/1000th speed is letting less light than a 1 sec shutter speed. so during the day, you can use a fast shutter speed with a small aperature to get focus/out of focus. but if you want to slow the shutter speed you will have to increase the aperature to compensate for more light being let in with the slower shutter speed. with night shots you will have to use a smaller aperature and a slower shutter speed (or even bulb) to compensate for the lack of light entering the camera.
with my cam, the aperature is on the lens itself so i can open and close it and watch the diaphram open and close. to understand these a lil more you kinda have to play with your cam more in the daytime and at night. i may not be 100% correct, but this is what i learned from a photography class i took years back and taking pics with my 35mm.
small aperature
large aperature