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Said resources are also in Africa.What I may be wrong about is that the materials related to gunpowder, are relative to the continent of Asia, China.
So did countries and various regions in Asia.Well, the Egyptians had plenty wheat, fruits, and the fermenting process was created in Nubia.
I am not too sure about that which is underlined, but I could be wrong. But Gunpowder was indeed created in China.Said resources are also in Africa.
So did countries and various regions in Asia.
First Beer Brewing
The first beer in the world was brewed by the ancient Chinese around the year 7000 BCE (known as kui). In the west, however, the process now recognized as beer brewing began in Mesopotamia at the Godin Tepe settlement now in modern-day Iran between 3500 - 3100 BCE. Evidence of beer manufacture has been confirmed between these dates but it is probable that the brewing of beer in Sumer (southern Mesopotamia, modern-day Iraq) was in practice much earlier.
Beer in the Ancient World - World History Encyclopedia
I'm aware of the us this Oceania as well. However, East & Southeast Asians don't look the same & further they expand apart from another the more different they look from another.A group of researchers set out to prove that Chinese people evolved from homo erectus independently from all other humans, but their DNA testing also found that early Chinese civilizations were composed of Africans. Back in 2005, Chinese DNA specialist Jin Li collected and analyzed more than 12,000 DNA samples from 165 different ethnic groups and found stunning similarities in people of Southeast Asia with Africans. “We did not see even one single individual that could be considered as a descendent of the homo erectus in China, rather, everybody was a descendent of our ancestors from Africa,” the DNA specialist stated.
Before Pangaea, there were nothing but women on the planet, self replicating organisms. Many of the men here do not want to hear that. Once man came along, that was the first change to the human condition. People began to travel, and the human condition changed again, basically due to weather conditions, climate. We are all basically the same, all coming from Black women. In the DNA of certain tribes on the continent of Africa, you can find each and every connection to every race on the planet. Black people are so due to the sun, melanin is protection, and the closer you live to the equator? The more melanin you'll need. Note, that I did not say HAVE.I'm aware of the us this Oceania as well. However, East & Southeast Asians don't look the same & further they expand apart from another the more different they look from another.
The DnA testing stuff just doesn't make since to me. Idk how it works reasonably from personal experience alone.
China did not have to formally exist as a country in order for Beer and alcohol to be brewed there first.I am not too sure about that which is underlined, but I could be wrong. But Gunpowder was indeed created in China.
What I am indeed certain about is the inaccuracy in the first beer being brewed in China, when it is important to note that it was used in ceremony way before China was founded.
You cannot have ceremonies where beer is present in ancient Egypt before the development of China, and then state that the Chinese were first at creating beer at the same time.
The way they've worded it here... From the Vikings to the Egyptians, women brewed beer both for religious ceremonies and to make a practical, calorie-rich beverage for the home...
makes it seem as if the Vikings did it before the Egyptians as well, of which is incredibly false.
The articles I posted clearly state that the earliest evidence of beer/alcohol was in China. They were clear, direct, and straight to the point. No room for misinterpretation.The way they've worded it here... From the Vikings to the Egyptians, women brewed beer both for religious ceremonies and to make a practical, calorie-rich beverage for the home...
In those articles they also are inaccurate as to how and who those celebrations in Egypt were for. There are also inaccuracies in regard to the period. I am home now and not on my phone, so I can type with accuracy.China did not have to formally exist as a country in order for Beer and alcohol to be brewed there first.
The articles I posted clearly state that the earliest evidence of beer/alcohol was in China. They were clear, direct, and straight to the point. No room for misinterpretation.
If you think so..In those articles they also are inaccurate as to how and who those celebrations were in Egypt were for. There are also inaccuracies in regard to the period. I am home now and not on my phone, so I can type with accuracy.
That said, I am not speaking of China formally existing as a country either. I am talking about that area in the geographical region, after it began to split due to Pangaea. Nubia, of which is older than Egypt, were using Beer before the Egyptians. The Neteru accepted beer as an offering. One such story if of the Goddess Sekhmet, who had ravaged Egypt, constantly becoming bloodthirsty. They gave her Beer the color of Blood, in order for her to become drunk, simply to stop her from murdering everyone.
This was before the migration into that part of the continent.
People at this time had only existed in North and South of that part of Africa.
So, there is no way that article is accurate.
Read the story of Sekhmet, as it mentions this... Sekhmet's blood-lust was not quelled at the end of battle and led to her destroying almost all of humanity. To stop her Ra poured out beer dyed with red ochre or hematite so that it resembled blood.If you think so..
Read the story of Sekhmet, as it mentions this... Sekhmet's blood-lust was not quelled at the end of battle and led to her destroying almost all of humanity. To stop her Ra poured out beer dyed with red ochre or hematite so that it resembled blood.
The Egyptian stories are not of my creation, so this isn't what I think.
Nubia is one of the oldest civilizations known, much older than that of China, as is Ancient Egypt.
This was mentioned thousands of years before any thought of a China.
I know what Sekhmet is. Seen the statues in person in my travels. However, it still doesn't change that the earliest finding of beer/alcohol comes from China.
Sekhmet
If they gave beer to Sekhmet, how in the hell did China invent it when the story occurred several thousand years before the migration to that part of the continent? There may have been a FINDING, but that does not mean that it was invented BY them. It wasn't.I know what Sekhmet is. Seen the statues in person in my travels. However, it still doesn't change that the earliest finding of beer/alcohol comes from China.
Where Israel is right now, is Palestine, of which is in the Middle East. So the reference to Israel is quite interesting. But the Middle East was, IS, inhabited by AFRICANS, Black people as well. With that said, due to the MIGRATION before Pangaea, Black people, Africans, Nubians, Egyptians, took with them the trades, skills, methods learned to where they migrated, and that included making alcoholic beverages.The recent posts in this thread piqued my interest as they cover a few areas I enjoy: archaeology, anthropology, and alcohol. A couple of thoughts on the recent posts:
Curious what's wrong with the studies that found evidence of alcoholic beverage production in [the region now known as] China dating back to 7000 BC. The paper that the Smithsonian article in question referenced was ostensibly this one from 2014: https://www.pnas.org/content/101/51/17593. I only did a cursory search but there doesn't seem to be anything calling the veracity of the research into question?
A later research article by different researchers, published in 2019, provides more evidence and support. See.The origins of specialized pottery and diverse alcohol fermentation techniques in Early Neolithic China
China is well-known for its distinctive techniques in alcohol fermentation. Here we present archaeological evidence of alcohol making based on analyses of starch granules, phytoliths, and fungi in food residues adhering to 8,000- to 7,000-y-old Neolithic pottery vessels. We demonstrate the...www.pnas.org
FWIW, it's worth noting that the lead researchers who authored the second article discovered the "oldest record of man-made alcohol in the world" in 2018 in neither Egypt nor China -- instead, residue of 13,000-year-old alcohol/beer was found in a prehistoric cave in Israel. See https://news.stanford.edu/2018/09/12/crafting-beer-lead-cereal-cultivation/ and https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-45534133.
Whether or not these fermented beverages were actually "beer" as we might consider them can be a separate conversation, but that doesn't change the fact that Neolithic (and perhaps even Paleolithic) people in the Middle and Near East were engaged in making alcoholic beverages at least contemporaneous (if not earlier)to the period when Nubia was being settled?
due to the MIGRATION before Pangaea, Black people, Africans, Nubians, Egyptians
took with them the trades, skills, methods learned to where they migrated, and that included making alcoholic beverages.
The story of SEKHMET, contradicts ALL references to Beer being invented on any other continent.
How did they give her the BEER, that wasn't invented yet?
Hold on. Three questions. (1) When did Pangaea split, (2) When did Homo sapiens develop in the Horn of Africa, (3) when did said homo sapiens begin migrating from Africa?
When do you think the Neolithic Revolution occurred?
It appears you're relying on a couple of suppositions: (1) that the story of Sekhmet pre-dates the archaeological discoveries I talked about (i.e., the story is from before 10000 BC), and (2) that the references to beer in the story necessarily preclude the invention of similar alcoholic beverages anywhere else in the world. Unfortunately I don't know enough about that particular story -- or the Egyptian pantheon -- to know its genesis; could you provide insight on when/what time period the story is from?
2. Pangea split thousands of years before Egypt existed, hundreds of thousands of years.
3. Humans and civilization formed in East Africa, so it would have been pretty early in the history of humans.
due to the MIGRATION before Pangaea, Black people, Africans, Nubians, Egyptians, took with them the trades, skills, methods learned to where they migrated, and that included making alcoholic beverages.
When do you think the Neolithic Revolution occurred?
The Story of Sekhmet is what I am using due to its relevance, due to the reference of Beer, colored in order to stop her from killing everyone.
So again, how can they give her something, let alone reference it, if it had not been invented yet?
It appears you're relying on a couple of suppositions: (1) that the story of Sekhmet pre-dates the archaeological discoveries I talked about (i.e., the story is from before 10000 BC), and (2) that the references to beer in the story necessarily preclude the invention of similar alcoholic beverages anywhere else in the world.
What. No. Pangea split hundreds of millions of years ago. See generally https://www.arcgis.com/apps/Cascade/index.html?appid=9ed163789ef6404e8b19868e5732783f.
Humans, yes. But civilization? You're going to have to define what you mean by "civilization". Don't most credible scholars and researchers attribute the earliest civilizations to Mesopotamia/the Fertile Crescent (e.g., Catal Huyuk, Sumer, etc.) and then the Egyptians, followed by the Indus River Valley? Regardless, the question I asked was when the earliest Homo sapiens developed and then migrated from the Horn of Africa (Homo ergaster/Homo erectus migration is probably a different conversation, unless you're claiming that they were the ones who first made alcoholic beverages?).
Isn't it true though that Homo Sapiens didn't start moving out of Africa until somewhere around 120,000-100,000 years ago?
You seem to suggest that civilization and agricultural techniques -- and, pertinent to this conversation, beer-making techniques -- existed before modern humans (I'm colloquially referring to Homo sapiens as "modern humans" for simplicity's sake) migrated out of Africa, which is why I asked:
Unless it can be shown that the story is older than the archeological evidence I mentioned in my last post, the fact that there's a reference in a story, in and of itself, is not conclusive proof of anything. That's why I noted:
The question that I believe is ultimately dispositive is: when was the story of Sekhmet that you reference written? Is it a contemporaneous account of things as they happened, or is it possible that it might have been written (or modified) after the fact? It's neither impossible nor improbable for religious texts/stories to contain literary anachronisms (see, e.g., all the references to Abraham's camels in the Old Testament).
If they gave beer to Sekhmet, how in the hell did China invent it when the story occurred several thousand years before the migration to that part of the continent? There may have been a FINDING, but that does not mean that it was invented BY them. It wasn't.
The story of Sekhmet contradicts that of which you've posted.
The articles I posted actually mentioned that. They mention said Cave in Israel as well Mesopotamia in regards to BEER. He already refuses to accept that the alleged earliest finding of alcohol was China. No way he is going to accept Mesopotamia for beer.The recent posts in this thread piqued my interest as they cover a few areas I enjoy: archaeology, anthropology, and alcohol. A couple of thoughts on the recent posts:
Curious what's wrong with the studies that found evidence of alcoholic beverage production in [the region now known as] China dating back to 7000 BC. The paper that the Smithsonian article in question referenced was ostensibly this one from 2014: https://www.pnas.org/content/101/51/17593. I only did a cursory search but there doesn't seem to be anything calling the veracity of the research into question?
A later research article by different researchers, published in 2019, provides more evidence and support. See.The origins of specialized pottery and diverse alcohol fermentation techniques in Early Neolithic China
China is well-known for its distinctive techniques in alcohol fermentation. Here we present archaeological evidence of alcohol making based on analyses of starch granules, phytoliths, and fungi in food residues adhering to 8,000- to 7,000-y-old Neolithic pottery vessels. We demonstrate the...www.pnas.org
FWIW, it's worth noting that the lead researchers who authored the second article discovered the "oldest record of man-made alcohol in the world" in 2018 in neither Egypt nor China -- instead, residue of 13,000-year-old alcohol/beer was found in a prehistoric cave in Israel. See https://news.stanford.edu/2018/09/12/crafting-beer-lead-cereal-cultivation/ and https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-45534133.
Whether or not these fermented beverages were actually "beer" as we might consider them can be a separate conversation, but that doesn't change the fact that Neolithic (and perhaps even Paleolithic) people in the Middle and Near East were engaged in making alcoholic beverages at least contemporaneous (if not earlier)to the period when Nubia was being settled?