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'ENOUGH FOR ONE ATOM BOMB'
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Iran Moves Closer To Nuclear Weapon
American Spectator - 1 hour ago
By Philip Klein on 11.20.08 @ 8:40AM Iran has now produced roughly enough nuclear material to make, with added purification, a single atom bomb, ...
'Iran has enough fissile material for one nuclear weapon' Jerusalem Post
Iran Has Enough Low-Level Uranium for Work on Bomb (Update1) Bloomberg
IAEA: Iran continues uranium enrichment Xinhua
Jewish Telegraphic Agency - Global Security Newswire
all 698 news articles »
[table][tr][td]
Barak Urges US to Focus on Iran Nuclear Threat (Update1)
Bloomberg - 1 hour ago
The US and its European Union allies, who accuse Iran of using its nuclear energy program as a cover for developing a weapon, are pressing for a fourth ...
Barak: West must reconcile with Russia, China to unite against Iran Ha'aretz
Israel urges united front against Iran PRESS TV
all 5 news articles »
[/td] [/tr][/table][font=ARIAL,VERDANA,HELVETICA][size=+7]
http://www.nytimes.com/20...=1&hp&oref=slogin
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[h1]Iran Said to Have Nuclear Fuel for One Weapon[/h1]
Iran has now produced roughly enough nuclear material to make, with added purification, a single atom bomb,according to nuclear experts analyzing the latest report from global atomic inspectors.
The figures detailing Iran's progress were contained in a routine update on Wednesday from the International Atomic Energy Agency, which has been conducting inspections of the country'smain nuclear plant at Natanz. The report concluded that as of early this month, Iran had made 630 kilograms, or about 1,390 pounds, of low-enricheduranium.
Several experts said that was enough for a bomb, but they cautioned that the milestone was mostly symbolic, because Iran would have to take additionalsteps. Not only would it have to breach its international agreements and kick out the inspectors, but it would also have to further purify the fuel and put itinto a warhead design - a technical advance that Western experts are unsure Iran has yet achieved.
"They clearly have enough material for a bomb," said Richard L. Garwin, a top nuclear physicist who helped invent the hydrogen bomb and hasadvised Washington for decades. "They know how to do the enrichment. Whether they know how to design a bomb, well, that's another matter."
Iran insists that it wants only to fuel reactors for nuclear power. But many Western nations, led by the United States, suspect that its real goal is togain the ability to make nuclear weapons.
While some Iranian officials have threatened to bar inspectors in the past, the country has made no such moves, and many experts inside the Bushadministration and the I.A.E.A. believe it will avoid the risk of attempting "nuclear breakout" until it possessed a larger uranium supply.
Even so, for President-elect Barack Obama, the report underscores the magnitude of the problem that he will inherit Jan. 20: an Iranian nuclearprogram that has not only solved many technical problems of uranium enrichment, but that can also now credibly claim to possess enough material to make aweapon if negotiations with Europe and the United States break down.
American intelligence agencies have said Iran could make a bomb between 2009 and 2015. A national intelligence estimate made public late last year concludedthat around the end of 2003, after long effort, Iran had halted work on an actual weapon. But enriching uranium, and obtaining enough material to build aweapon, is considered the most difficult part of the process.
Siegfried S. Hecker of Stanford University and a former director of the Los Alamos weapons laboratory said the growing size of theIranian stockpile "underscored that they are marching down the path to developing the nuclear weapons option."
In the report to its board, the atomic agency said Iran's main enrichment plant was now feeding uranium into about 3,800 centrifuges - machines thatspin incredibly fast to enrich the element into nuclear fuel. That count is the same as in the agency's last quarterly report, in September. Iran beganinstalling the centrifuges in early 2007. But the new report's total of 630 kilograms - an increase of about 150 - shows that Iran has been making progressin accumulating material to make nuclear fuel.
That uranium has been enriched to the low levels needed to fuel a nuclear reactor. To further purify it to the highly enriched state needed to fuel anuclear warhead, Iran would have to reconfigure its centrifuges and do a couple months of additional processing, nuclear experts said.
"They have a weapon's worth," Thomas B. Cochran, a senior scientist in the nuclear program of the Natural Resources Defense Council, a private group in Washington that tracks atomic arsenals, saidin an interview.
He said the amount was suitable for a relatively advanced implosion-type weapon like the one dropped on Nagasaki. Its core, he added, would be about thesize of a grapefruit. He said a cruder design would require about twice as much weapon-grade fuel.
"It's a virtual milestone," Dr. Cochran said of Iran's stockpile. It is not an imminent threat, he added, because the further technicalwork to make fuel for a bomb would tip off inspectors, the United States and other powers about "where they're going."
The agency's report made no mention of the possible military implications of the size of Iran's stockpile. And some experts said the milestone wasstill months away. In an analysis of the I.A.E.A. report, the Institute for Science and International Security, a private group in Washington, estimated thatIran had not yet reached the mark but would "within a few months." It added that other analysts estimated it might take as much as a year.
Whatever the exact date, it added, "Iran is progressing" toward the ability to quickly make enough weapon-grade uranium for a warhead.
Peter D. Zimmerman, a physicist and former United States government arms scientist, cautioned that the Iranian stockpile fell slightly short of whatinternational officials conservatively estimate as the minimum threatening amount of nuclear fuel. "They're very close," he said of the Iraniansin an interview. "If it isn't tomorrow, it's soon," probably a matter of months.
In its report, the I.A.E.A., which is based in Vienna, said Iran was working hard to roughly double its number of operating centrifuges.
A senior European diplomat close to the agency said Iran might have 6,000 centrifuges enriching uranium by the end of the year. The report also said Iranhad said it intended to start installing another group of 3,000 centrifuges early next year.
The atomic energy agency said Iran was continuing to evade questions about its suspected work on nuclear warheads. In a separate report released Wednesday,the agency said, as expected, that it had found ambiguous traces of uranium at a suspected Syrian reactor site bombed by Israel last year.
"While it cannot be excluded that the building in question was intended for non-nuclear use," the report said, the building's features"along with the connectivity of the site to adequate pumping capacity of cooling water, are similar to what may be found in connection with a reactorsite." Syria has said the uranium came from Israeli bombs.
'ENOUGH FOR ONE ATOM BOMB'
[/size][/font]
Iran Moves Closer To Nuclear Weapon
American Spectator - 1 hour ago
By Philip Klein on 11.20.08 @ 8:40AM Iran has now produced roughly enough nuclear material to make, with added purification, a single atom bomb, ...
'Iran has enough fissile material for one nuclear weapon' Jerusalem Post
Iran Has Enough Low-Level Uranium for Work on Bomb (Update1) Bloomberg
IAEA: Iran continues uranium enrichment Xinhua
Jewish Telegraphic Agency - Global Security Newswire
all 698 news articles »
[table][tr][td]
Barak Urges US to Focus on Iran Nuclear Threat (Update1)
Bloomberg - 1 hour ago
The US and its European Union allies, who accuse Iran of using its nuclear energy program as a cover for developing a weapon, are pressing for a fourth ...
Barak: West must reconcile with Russia, China to unite against Iran Ha'aretz
Israel urges united front against Iran PRESS TV
all 5 news articles »
[/td] [/tr][/table][font=ARIAL,VERDANA,HELVETICA][size=+7]
http://www.nytimes.com/20...=1&hp&oref=slogin
[/size][/font]
[h1]Iran Said to Have Nuclear Fuel for One Weapon[/h1]
Iran has now produced roughly enough nuclear material to make, with added purification, a single atom bomb,according to nuclear experts analyzing the latest report from global atomic inspectors.
The figures detailing Iran's progress were contained in a routine update on Wednesday from the International Atomic Energy Agency, which has been conducting inspections of the country'smain nuclear plant at Natanz. The report concluded that as of early this month, Iran had made 630 kilograms, or about 1,390 pounds, of low-enricheduranium.
Several experts said that was enough for a bomb, but they cautioned that the milestone was mostly symbolic, because Iran would have to take additionalsteps. Not only would it have to breach its international agreements and kick out the inspectors, but it would also have to further purify the fuel and put itinto a warhead design - a technical advance that Western experts are unsure Iran has yet achieved.
"They clearly have enough material for a bomb," said Richard L. Garwin, a top nuclear physicist who helped invent the hydrogen bomb and hasadvised Washington for decades. "They know how to do the enrichment. Whether they know how to design a bomb, well, that's another matter."
Iran insists that it wants only to fuel reactors for nuclear power. But many Western nations, led by the United States, suspect that its real goal is togain the ability to make nuclear weapons.
While some Iranian officials have threatened to bar inspectors in the past, the country has made no such moves, and many experts inside the Bushadministration and the I.A.E.A. believe it will avoid the risk of attempting "nuclear breakout" until it possessed a larger uranium supply.
Even so, for President-elect Barack Obama, the report underscores the magnitude of the problem that he will inherit Jan. 20: an Iranian nuclearprogram that has not only solved many technical problems of uranium enrichment, but that can also now credibly claim to possess enough material to make aweapon if negotiations with Europe and the United States break down.
American intelligence agencies have said Iran could make a bomb between 2009 and 2015. A national intelligence estimate made public late last year concludedthat around the end of 2003, after long effort, Iran had halted work on an actual weapon. But enriching uranium, and obtaining enough material to build aweapon, is considered the most difficult part of the process.
Siegfried S. Hecker of Stanford University and a former director of the Los Alamos weapons laboratory said the growing size of theIranian stockpile "underscored that they are marching down the path to developing the nuclear weapons option."
In the report to its board, the atomic agency said Iran's main enrichment plant was now feeding uranium into about 3,800 centrifuges - machines thatspin incredibly fast to enrich the element into nuclear fuel. That count is the same as in the agency's last quarterly report, in September. Iran beganinstalling the centrifuges in early 2007. But the new report's total of 630 kilograms - an increase of about 150 - shows that Iran has been making progressin accumulating material to make nuclear fuel.
That uranium has been enriched to the low levels needed to fuel a nuclear reactor. To further purify it to the highly enriched state needed to fuel anuclear warhead, Iran would have to reconfigure its centrifuges and do a couple months of additional processing, nuclear experts said.
"They have a weapon's worth," Thomas B. Cochran, a senior scientist in the nuclear program of the Natural Resources Defense Council, a private group in Washington that tracks atomic arsenals, saidin an interview.
He said the amount was suitable for a relatively advanced implosion-type weapon like the one dropped on Nagasaki. Its core, he added, would be about thesize of a grapefruit. He said a cruder design would require about twice as much weapon-grade fuel.
"It's a virtual milestone," Dr. Cochran said of Iran's stockpile. It is not an imminent threat, he added, because the further technicalwork to make fuel for a bomb would tip off inspectors, the United States and other powers about "where they're going."
The agency's report made no mention of the possible military implications of the size of Iran's stockpile. And some experts said the milestone wasstill months away. In an analysis of the I.A.E.A. report, the Institute for Science and International Security, a private group in Washington, estimated thatIran had not yet reached the mark but would "within a few months." It added that other analysts estimated it might take as much as a year.
Whatever the exact date, it added, "Iran is progressing" toward the ability to quickly make enough weapon-grade uranium for a warhead.
Peter D. Zimmerman, a physicist and former United States government arms scientist, cautioned that the Iranian stockpile fell slightly short of whatinternational officials conservatively estimate as the minimum threatening amount of nuclear fuel. "They're very close," he said of the Iraniansin an interview. "If it isn't tomorrow, it's soon," probably a matter of months.
In its report, the I.A.E.A., which is based in Vienna, said Iran was working hard to roughly double its number of operating centrifuges.
A senior European diplomat close to the agency said Iran might have 6,000 centrifuges enriching uranium by the end of the year. The report also said Iranhad said it intended to start installing another group of 3,000 centrifuges early next year.
The atomic energy agency said Iran was continuing to evade questions about its suspected work on nuclear warheads. In a separate report released Wednesday,the agency said, as expected, that it had found ambiguous traces of uranium at a suspected Syrian reactor site bombed by Israel last year.
"While it cannot be excluded that the building in question was intended for non-nuclear use," the report said, the building's features"along with the connectivity of the site to adequate pumping capacity of cooling water, are similar to what may be found in connection with a reactorsite." Syria has said the uranium came from Israeli bombs.
